Why Your Reciprocating Air Compressor Keeps Tripping Breakers (and How to Fix It)
Nothing brings your workday to a halt faster than a breaker that keeps tripping every time your compressor starts up. While it might seem like a mysterious electrical gremlin, the good news is that there are a few common causes (and most are simple to diagnose).
Check for Low Voltage
Low voltage is one of the most common reasons a compressor trips a breaker. If your power supply can’t provide enough voltage during startup, the motor pulls too many amps and overloads the circuit.
- Verify your incoming voltage matches the motor's requirements.
- Check for loose connections at the breaker, disconnect switch, and motor terminals.
- Consider using a dedicated circuit to avoid voltage drops caused by other equipment.
Inspect the Air Intake and Filters
A restricted air intake or clogged filter can make your compressor work harder than it should, putting extra strain on the motor. Over time, this can cause frequent breaker trips.
- Clean or replace intake filters regularly.
- Make sure there are no obstructions blocking airflow to the compressor.
Look for Mechanical Binding
Parts that don’t move freely can cause the motor to overwork. Check the pump for signs of binding or seizing, and inspect the belt for proper tension and wear.
- Manually rotate the pump pulley to ensure it spins smoothly.
- Check belt tension and alignment. Adjust or replace if necessary.
Evaluate Circuit and Breaker Size
If your compressor is running on an undersized breaker or wire, it might not be able to handle startup current (also called inrush current). Always match your compressor’s electrical requirements with the proper breaker size and wire gauge.
- Consult your compressor’s manual for recommended breaker ratings.
- If in doubt, ask a qualified electrician to confirm your setup.
When to Call for Help
If you’ve checked the above and the breaker still trips, there may be a deeper electrical or motor issue at play. In these cases, it’s best to contact a professional technician to avoid further damage or safety risks.